Weizhou Island is located about 37 km south of Beihai City, Guangxi Province. It is the youngest Quaternary volcanic island in China. The island has two volcanic eruptions, Nanwan Volcano and Daling Volcano. The study shows that the two volcanoes have similar eruption processes: the early stage is a phreatomagmatic explosive eruption, the middle stage is a magmatic explosive eruption, and the late stage is a phreatomagmatic explosive eruption. The Nanwan fire has the characteristics of migration, and the last eruption age is the late Late Pleistocene. The eruption time of Daling volcano is later than 33 ka. In this paper, the risk probability map of volcanic ash disaster in Weizhou Island is completed. The results show that the volcanic ash produced by explosive eruption of magma will affect Weizhou Island and its surrounding 30 km range, and has little impact on other areas.

Using the RTL algorithm, the seismic activity changes before the Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake were quantitatively analyzed using the earthquake catalogue six years before the earthquake.The effects of different characteristic radius and magnitude lower limit Mmin on the V_RTL curve are analyzed respectively.The results show that the characteristic radius, magnitude lower limit and analysis period have a certain influence on the V_RTL calculation results.However, the abnormal changes of seismic activity enhancement can be detected before the Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake, and the anomalies show the change pattern of ‘rise-turn-fall’.The Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake occurred in the process of turning down after the anomaly reached the peak point.When r₀=60 km and M_min=M_S1.5, the anomaly duration is about 18 months.It provides a certain reference for understanding the seismogenic process and earthquake precursor research of the Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake.

Aiming at Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake on January 23,2024, the static Coulomb stress and the loading and unloading effect of the main faults are calculated. Combined with the spatial distribution of the remaining aftershocks, the stress triggering and its influence on the surrounding main faults are analyzed. The results show that: (1) Most of the aftershocks in the epicenter of Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake are densely distributed in the stress enhancement area near the fracture surface, and the aftershocks in the stress unloading area are less distributed. Part of the stress loading area on the fracture surface of the main shock further enhances the risk. (2) The stress loading effect of about 50 km in the Coulomb failure stress loading area is gradually released, and the aftershocks in the source earthquake area are densely distributed within 100～200 km and within a depth of 20 km. (3) According to the loading effect, the west section of Wusun ridge fault, the middle and east section of Kashi river fault, the east section of Keguqin fault, the middle section of Boa fault and the west section of Beiluntai fault are worthy of attention in space.

Zemuhe fault zone, serving as a common boundary between the Daliangshan sub-block and the Chuan-dian rhombohedral block, connects the active southeastern Tibetan Plateau with the stable Southern China block, and recent research indicates an increasing risk of strong earthquakes along this fault zone. The seismic deformation characteristics and stress distribution state of the southern section of the Zemuhe fault zone are quantitatively analyzed in this paper, utilizing newly established continuous GNSS observation data in the near field along with published regional GNSS observation data since 2017. By obtaining the interseismic motion field, we invert kinematic parameters of faults based on a double fault dislocation model. The results reveal that slip rates of the southern Zemuhe fault zone is 3.57±0.47 mm/yr and of the southern Daliangshan fault zone is 5.05±0.47 mm/yr. The near-field data of the newly constructed Zemuhe fault zone exerts a significant influence on the precision of model estimation, thereby substantially enhancing the resolution of the double-fault dislocation model. The strain rate results show that the principal strain rate direction of the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan block is characterized by SW-NE stretching and NW-SE squeezing. The southern section of the Zemuhe fault zone presents a higher stress state, with the tensile strain rate being higher than the compressive strain rate, with the average magnitude of 41 nstrain/yr and 27 nstrain/yr, respectively, and is in the high gradient zone of the maximum shear strain rate, with the average magnitude of 28~40 nstrain/yr, indicating significant stress and energy accumulation.

Post-earthquake early warning system of Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake produced four reports of earthquake early warning information, and pushed the first report of earthquake early warning service to the earthquake area at 12.2 s after the earthquake. By analyzing the output and release of earthquake early warning, it is found that the deviation between the epicenter position of the first report and the official result is the smallest, the deviation between the occurrence time of the second report and the third report and the official result is the smallest, and the deviation between the magnitude of the fourth report and the official result is the smallest. With the increasing number of early warning stations participating in the calculation, the magnitude of early warning is increasing, and the response level of some early warning terminals is increasing. The radius of the blind zone of the earthquake early warning is about 43 km, and the terminal response outside the blind zone is good, which effectively estimates the possible seismic damage of different field points.

Based on the damage of houses collected from 219 survey points in the field work of Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake, the characteristics of building damage in this earthquake are analyzed. The highest intensity of the earthquake area is IX degree, and the area above VI degree involves 6 counties and a corps field; the building types in the disaster area are mainly frame structure, brick-concrete structure and brick-wood structure, and the seismic damage characteristics of different structural types of houses in the disaster area are analyzed, in order to provide reference for the seismic design and construction of urban and rural houses in this area after the disaster.

This study utilizes D-InSAR technology to process ascending and descending orbit data from the Sentinel-1 satellite, acquiring the line-of-sight (LOS) co-seismic deformation field of the 2016 Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake and extracting the two-dimensional surface deformation information of Hutubi earthquake. The results indicate that the co-seismic deformation field from ascending and descending orbits displays more significant surface uplift than conspicuous subsidence deformation features. In addition, in order to further investigate the characteristics and spatial relations of InSAR co-seismic deformation field, the study results are compared with the co-seismic deformation fields of four thrust earthquakes, namely 2015 Pishan M_S6.5 earthquake, 2017 Jinghe M_S6.6 earthquake, 2020 Jiashi M_S6.4 earthquake and 2024 Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake. It is found that there is a specific spatial relationship between InSAR ascending and descending orbit and seismic deformation field. The research results can provide scientific basis for earthquake disaster assessment and earthquake emergency management departments to formulate risk prevention and disaster reduction measures.

This paper briefly introduces the geological tectonic background around Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake in 2024, and analyzes the seismic activity status in the Xinjiang region and the characteristics of regional abnormal seismic activity before the M_S7.1 earthquake.The results show that: ① Before this earthquake, the seismic activity had well-matched characteristics of "long-term, medium-term, and short-term" anomalies, manifested as long-term background anomalies of strong earthquakes within 10 to 30 years, medium-term anomalies of moderately strong earthquakes within 1 to 3 years, and medium-short-term anomalies of small and moderate earthquakes about 0.5 years before the event; ② The spatial distribution characteristics of the pre-earthquake anomalies exhibited a pattern of "contraction" toward the earthquake area, manifested as a gradual contraction process from "Xinjiang and adjacent overseas areas" → "Xinjiang region" → "related tectonic areas or the vicinity of the earthquake area"; ③The pre-earthquake anomalous state transitioned from "single-type" to "diverse" with time. The anomalies of strong and moderately strong earthquakes were primarily characterized by "periodicity or quiescence", whereas small and moderate earthquake anomalies included various types such as seismic gaps, seismic belts, earthquake swarms, and frequency increases.

This paper summarized the seismotectonic background, focal mechanism solutions, seismic sequence characteristics and seismicity anomalies of M_S5.4 Kyrgyzstan earthquake. The results are as follows:① This earthquake occurred in the Keping block, and the seismic structure was the branch fault of the Maidan fault, the Kuokesale fault. ② The focal mechanism solutions is thrust type, which may be an earthquake that occurred after strong extrusion in the Tarim Basin and the Tianshan Mountains. ③ The earthquake sequence type is mainshock-aftershock type, and the sequence aftershocks are not abundant, with a rapid decay in frequency and intensity.④ Five seismic activity anomalies existed before the earthquake, namely, the pre-earthquake anomaly showed a long-term calm of medium earthquakes→increased seismic activity→a significant increase in the frequency of small earthquakes→orderly distribution→weakening of enhancement activity→the occurrence of earthquakes, and the seismic characteristics of medium-term transition to short-term. Spatially, it shows the characteristics of shrinkage from a large area to a small area close to the epicenter area, and the short-term performance of the anomaly before the earthquake is a significant increase in the frequency of medium and small earthquakes.

This paper analyzes the security protection requirements and possible security risks of Xinjiang earthquake early warning information system according to the requirements of the three-level security protection ‘one center, three protection’ of the equal protection 2.0 standard. The design scheme of network security architecture technology frame for early warning information system of Xinjiang Earthquake is proposed. The design scheme meets the needs of equal protection construction and reflects the comprehensive network security defense capability of Xinjiang earthquake early warning information system. In order to ensure the stable operation of Xinjiang earthquake early warning information system and ensure the actual operation of the design scheme, the network security protection efficiency is brought into play. Security policy configuration suggestions are given for different areas such as data access area, early warning core data area, security management area and earthquake early warning information emergency release (DMZ) area.

Observation data of CZB-2A vertical pendulum borehole tiltmeter at Fuyun station from 2015 to 2022 were selected, and the interference factors such as the operation of borehole tiltmeter, observation system, observation environment and human disturbance were analyzed and summarized, especially the rate steering distortion caused by ice and snow melting in spring every year. The change range and rate are proportional to the amount of snow, and the abnormal characteristics of observation data are analyzed. The results show that the tilt rate and tidal factor anomalies before Mongolia M_S5.9 earthquake are obvious, indicating that the Fuyun vertical pendulum borehole tiltmeter has a certain ability to monitor earthquake precursor anomalies.

As an affected area of the 1605 Qiongzhou M712 earthquake, Dongzhai Port's subsidence deformation holds significant importance for studying land subsidence processes and urban planning in Haikou. This study utilizes fiber Bragg grating (FBG) borehole displacement monitoring technology to analyze vertical displacement data from seven boreholes over two years, determining current subsidence rates and investigating influencing factors. Key findings include: (1) Displacement rates at seven boreholes range from -8.40 mm/a to 18.78 mm/a, with average subsidence and uplift rates of -3.10 mm/a and 4.42 mm/a respectively. (2) Deformation exhibits distinct vertical stratification, primarily concentrated in shallow subsurface layers, potentially explaining the limited surface deformation observed. (3) Subsidence rates show positive correlation with stratum bearing capacity, indicating tectonic activity as the dominant control mechanism, while geological processes like sand liquefaction and soft soil creep appear less influential. (4) The tectonic framework reveals differential movement patterns: subsidence within the Dongzhai Port graben contrasts with uplift in adjacent horsts, spatially consistent with structural controls from the Puqian-Qinglan fault system.

Using the continuous gravity data observation data of Xinjiang Wushi station, analyze the change of power spectral density with time, calculate the vertical displacement of the double frequency microseisms, and combine with the Ardhuin seismic spectra model(ASSM) to explore the influencing factors that may affect the double frequency microseism, The results show that the anomalous change of the double frequency microseism before the Jiashi M_S6.4 earthquake is not affected by the typhoon, waves and meteorological factors, and it may be a pre-seismic perturbation of the earthquake. The study of the double frequency microseism characteristics will have implications for earthquake forecasting.

In order to study the difference in the magnitude determination of seismic events by downhole and surface seismometers, the new national standard magnitude calculation formula was used to obtain a total of 289 near-earthquakes and 99 teleseismic magnitude differences obtained by surface and downhole seismometers at Kashgar Mageti Seismic Station and Yuepuhu Seismic Station. The results show that the average values of the near-seismic magnitude difference and the far-seismic surface wave magnitude difference at Maigaiti station are 0.264 and 0.023, respectively, and the average value of the near-seismic magnitude difference at Yuepuhu station is 0.476. The near-earthquake magnitude difference between Maigaiti and Yuepuhu stations decreases gradually with the increase of epicentral distance, but shows the opposite characteristics with the magnitude change trend. For the determination of near-earthquake magnitude, the magnitude measured by surface seismometer is larger than that measured by underground seismometer, and the magnitude measured by underground seismometer is closer to the magnitude of seismic events. For teleseism, the magnitude measured by surface seismometer is not much different from that measured by underground seismometer.

In order to accurately obtain the effect of the Xinjiang Qinghai-Tibet Plateau monitoring capacity improvement project on the actual improvement of monitoring capabilities in the southern region of the Xinjiang seismic network (Central Kunlun-Aerjin-Luobupo), this study used the "probability-based completeness magnitude" PMC method , calculate the official observation reports of the Xinjiang seismic network before and after the project is completed, and obtain the detection probability and minimum integrity magnitude M_P of the seismic stations in the study area. Through analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: the detection probability of a single station can truly represent the station's detection ability of earthquake events, and there is a significant difference; M_P shows that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Monitoring Capacity Improvement Project has significantly improved the regional earthquake monitoring capabilities in southern Xinjiang. The overall average improvement in the region is about 0.5 to 1 level, but there are regional imbalances. The research results can provide some reference for further improving the earthquake monitoring capabilities in southern Xinjiang, optimizing the spatial layout of the network, and improving the operation quality of the stations.

In order to solve the problem of time-consuming and inefficient manual inspection seismic information management system, the article uses Python-based selenium automation test tools, image recognition technology and office automation technology to establish an automatic inspection platform of Xinjiang seismic information management system, which can automatically complete system login, capture and storage of key information, data comparison analysis, and the generation of inspection reports. Compared with manual inspection, automatic inspection can save 70% of the time, with high stability and accuracy, which can effectively improve work efficiency.

To clarify the primary influencing factors in different frequency bands of the strain measurement data from the Jinping seismic station, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method was applied to analyze the spectral characteristics of the NS/EW components of the strain meter and temperature and pressure observation sequences. The results indicate:① significant in-phase features were observed in the annual, daily, semi-diurnal, and high-frequency bands among the three; ② the NS component in the 2⁶～2⁷ min frequency band and the EW component in the 2⁶～2⁸ min frequency band exhibited strong linear correlation with pressure; ③ solid tidal effects were clearly identified in the observation data, validating the stability and reliability of the data; ④ temperature was the dominant factor in the annual frequency band, with phase lags of 77 days for the NS component and 71 days for the EW component. After phase correction, the two components exhibited a significant linear relationship. Additionally, the roles of interference factors and their physical mechanisms at different frequency bands were explored, providing theoretical foundations for preprocessing deformation observation data and interpreting geophysical signals.

In view of the rapid 'up-down' abnormal change of the observation data curve of the water level of Xin32 well in Xinjiang Bole from 2019 to 2020, the porosity of the aquifer medium of Xin32 well under undrained condition is obtained by calculating the parameters such as air pressure coefficient and tidal factor based on the observation data of water level and atmospheric pressure of the observation well. By studying the variation characteristics of the porosity value of the well-aquifer system of the new 32 well under different conditions, the hydrodynamic reasons for the abnormal change of the water level observation data curve are analyzed. The results show that the abnormal change of water level observation data in Xin 32 well is less correlated with stress change, which is related to the increase of recharge caused by the change of aquifer medium.

After Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake on January 23, 2024, the aftershock sequences 30 days after the earthquake were automatically detected using the RISP system, and the results of the automatic detection were compared and analyzed with the results of manual cataloging. The results show that 19432 earthquakes were automatically detected by the RISP system, and 4 887 earthquakes were matched with the manual catalog, of which the matching rate of M_L≥5.0 was 100%, the matching rate of M_L4.0～4.9 was 88.37%, the matching rate of M_L3.0～3.9 was 82.48%, the matching rate of M_L2.0～2.9 was 80.38%, and the matching rate of M_L≤2.0 was 74.85%. The large difference in epicenter was the main factor affecting the matching rate. For earthquake events that have been successfully matched, the time difference between the automatic and manual catalogs is mostly between -4 and 0 seconds, with a deviation of -1.33±1.03 seconds, an epicenter deviation of 10.15±6.47 km, and a depth deviation of 6.99±12.27 km; The magnitude deviation is -0.18±0.24. The system produces results quickly and has significant advantages in small earthquakes. The automatic aftershock results generated by earthquakes with M_L≥3.0 are basically in line with the expected purpose.

Since 2016, there have been 6 earthquakes above M_S5.0 in the middle Tianshan region of Xinjiang, including the Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake and the Jinghe County earthquake of magnitude 6.6. The seismic activity is relatively frequent and the stress field changes obviously.In this paper, the data of epicenter distance 85°~130°, M_S≥5.5 and clear SKS or SKKS seismic phase recorded by 22 broadband seismic stations in Xinjiang Digital Seismic Network from 2016 to 2020 are used. In this paper, the minimum eigenvalue method (EV), rotation correlation method (RC) and minimum tangential energy method (SC) are used to calculate the anisotropy parameters below the station, that is, the polarization direction of fast wave (φ) and the delay time of slow wave (δt).The results show that the thickness of the upper mantle in the middle Tianshan Mountains is 70~115 km. The direction of upper mantle anisotropy is mainly NE and NW, and the results show that there is a complex anisotropic structure in the lower medium in the middle Tianshan region of Xinjiang. By comparing the anisotropy direction of the upper mantle and the direction of plate movement, it is found that the mantle flow model in the region is a simple asthenosphere flow.

Based on high-quality teleseismic waveform data recorded over seven years at the Kashi Seismic Station (KAS station), located within a sedimentary layer, high-frequency and low-frequency receiver functions were extracted respectively. The receiver function H-К stacking method without considering sedimentary layer effects and the receiver function sequential H-К stacking method considering sedimentary layer effects were applied to determine the depth of the second intracrustal interface, velocity ratio, and crustal thickness beneath the KAS station. The results incorporating the sedimentary layer influence align with the crustal thickness and crustal velocity ratio values beneath the bedrock Kashi-zhongji Seismic Station (KSZ station), located 8.4 km away. The depth of the second intracrustal interface beneath the KAS station is 13.5 km, with a velocity ratio of 1.96 (Poisson's ratio of 0.324). The crustal thickness is 57.7 km, with a velocity ratio of 1.86 (Poisson's ratio of 0.297). Comparative analysis reveals that applying the receiver function H-К stacking method to seismic stations with significant sedimentary layers can lead to significant deviations in the analysis of intracrustal interface depths and medium velocity ratios. In contrast, the receiver function sequential H-К stacking method yields accurate results. This finding provides valuable practical experience and a methodological basis for accurately analyzing the depths of intracrustal interfaces and medium velocity ratios at other stations situated within sedimentary layers.

After Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake, five emergency mobile seismic stations were set up near the epicenter to monitor the aftershock activity in the epicenter area with the surrounding seismic monitoring stations. The establishment, data transmission, data recording and aftershock recording of the mobile seismic station in this earthquake site are introduced. It shows that the mobile seismic station plays an important role in aftershock monitoring. The noise level of the mobile seismic station base is calculated, and it is confirmed that the erection environment of the mobile seismic station basically meets the erection requirements. This paper summarizes the experience of setting up the mobile seismic station, and provides suggestions for carrying out the mobile seismic observation work.

Aiming at Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake on January 23,2024, the anomalies of underground fluid exchange data in Kazakhstan before the earthquake were sorted out and the temporal and spatial variation process was analyzed. The results show that there are five anomalies in the underground fluid exchange data of Kazakhstan before the Wushi earthquake, of which three are short-term anomalies, all of which appear three months before the earthquake. The anomaly is mainly located in the range of 200~500 km from the epicenter. The number of anomalies before the earthquake gradually increased, and the spatial and temporal changes of anomalies showed outward expansion and then contraction to the epicenter. Most of the anomalies before the earthquake are positive anomalies, and the research results are helpful to improve the understanding level of underground fluid precursor anomalies.

Analyze the coulomb stress variation and cumulative magnitude and its effects on the main faults by using the source parameter data of two strong earthquakes and the attribute characteristic value of the main faults in this region, based on the viscoelastic medium model. The analysis results show that: (1) The cumulative change of coulomb stress of the two strong earthquakes is mainly concentrated in the Kashi-Wuqia intersection area and Keping block. (2) The activities of the two strong earthquakes have increased stress effects on the faults of Kazkeaerte, Kembet, Aoyitake and Maidan. Then we should pay more attention to these areas.

When we are committed to studying the current crustal movement, seismic topographic deformation and earthquake prediction, various effects from the outside of the earth are often regarded as interference in general, which should be eliminated through data processing. In order to improve the application efficiency of geophysical field observation data and enhance the reliability of seismic anomaly extraction, this paper decomposes Geermu earth tilt, air temperature and air pressure into daily wave, semi daily wave, monthly wave and annual wave, and quantitatively studies the interference factors of earth tilt in different frequency bands. The results show that ① Germu earth tilt has good consistency in the frequency bands of diurnal wave and semidiurnal wave, and the main influencing factor is solid tide;② After phase shift, the annual wave band of earth tilt has a high linear correlation with air temperature, indicating that the annual periodic change of Geermu earth tilt is greatly affected by temperature.

In order to analyze the source of two geomagnetic daily ratio anomalies in the western part of the southern Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang on December 10,2021 and November 27,2023, the current location of the two geomagnetic daily ratio anomalies was carried out, and its spatial relationship with the subsequent corresponding earthquakes was analyzed. The results show that:(1) There is no significant difference in the area enclosed by the threshold line and the current line between the two geomagnetic daily ratios. The three earthquakes are located at the end of the abnormal current line, and the distance between the earthquake and the current line is significantly smaller than the threshold line. (2) There is a significant negative correlation between the distance between the station and the abnormal current line and the geomagnetic daily ratio. (3) The ratio of the daily ratio of the station pairs corresponding to the current line endpoints with earthquakes is larger than that of the corresponding endpoints without earthquakes, that is, earthquakes may be more likely to occur between station pairs with large differences in daily ratios.

Kuqa-Shaya area is located in the northern margin of Tarim Basin and belongs to the oil and gas production concentration area. In recent years, the seismic activity in this area has shown a significant increase trend, while the earthquake monitoring capability of the Xinjiang Seismic Network in this region is relatively weak. This article uses Sentinel-1A orbit data from the Kuqa- Shaya region from 2020 to 2022 for time series analysis, and combines GNSS velocity field correction to obtain high-precision and high-resolution inter seismic deformation fields in the entire study area. It further explores the spatial relationship between the distribution of small and moderate earthquakes and deformation fields, and obtains the following understanding: (1) The surface deformation characteristics of the entire Kuqa-Shaya region are mainly subsidence, with an average rate of -2.5 mm·a^-1, and the subsidence rate in some agricultural activity areas reaches -30 mm·a^-1. (2) The Kuqa-Shaya earthquake cluster is not located in a concentrated subsidence area. In 2024, three earthquakes of magnitude 5 occurred in the Yuke gas field area with a subsidence rate of -2.5 mm·a^-1. The changes in the deformation field in this area may be related to oil and gas extraction. From the perspective of deformation, this paper proposes a surface deformation monitoring method suitable for the platform basin area of the Tarim Basin, which improves the seismic monitoring capability of the Xinjiang Seismic Network in the Kuqa-Shaya area.

Based on the analysis of the multi-year observation data of gas radon in Xin 37 spring of Fuyun Wuqiagou, it is found that the changes of temperature, pressure and water level have a significant impact on the quality of gas radon observation, which leads to the interference of radon content data. In order to solve these problems, the fixed discharge valve was replaced at the outlet of the observation pool, which stabilized the water flow and ensured the accuracy of radon value observation. At the same time, the gas path of the floating degassing-gas gathering device was reformed, and the casing floating mode was adopted to effectively avoid the problem of condensate blockage caused by temperature and pressure changes. After the transformation, the observation system forms a sealed environment, the degassing efficiency is improved, and the gas collection is more stable.

Using the travel time data of earthquakes with M_S≥1.5 recorded by fixed stations of the digital seismic network in the central Tianshan Mountains of the Xinjiang Seismic Network and temporary mobile stations deployed after earthquakes from 2009 to 2022, this study employed the double-difference tomography method to investigate the three-dimensional P-wave and S-wave velocity structures of the crust and the characteristics of earthquake distribution in the central Tianshan Mountains. The results show that the average travel time residual decreased from -0.15 s before relocation to -0.001 6 s after relocation, indicating a significant improvement in positioning accuracy. The relocation results reveal that earthquakes are predominantly distributed at depths of 0～30 km, mostly along major fault zones, and exhibit a strong correlation with low-velocity zones. The P-wave and S-wave velocity structures of the crust in the central Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang show high consistency, with both displaying significant lateral and vertical heterogeneity. P-waves and S-waves exhibit extensive low-velocity anomalies in the middle and lower crust of the central Tianshan Mountains, and these low-velocity zones are interconnected with the low-velocity anomaly regions of the Junggar Basin and the Tarim Basin. These results provide valuable data references for studying the crustal velocity structure of the central Tianshan Mountains.

Using the seismic phase observation report of Xinjiang Seismic Network, the double-difference positioning method was used to accurately locate and analyze 555 seismic events of the earthquake swarm from April 2017 to August 2024, and finally 520 high-precision positioning results were obtained. The P-wave first motion method is used to invert the focal mechanism solution of M_L≥2.0 earthquakes. Combined with the regional seismic tectonic background, it is found that the earthquake swarm is elliptically distributed on the surface projection, oblique to the Kewu fault, and the long axis is NW-SE. The depth distribution is mainly concentrated in the range of 9～13 km. The dominant strikes of the two sets of conjugate nodal planes of the focal mechanism solution are NW and NE, and most of the earthquakes in the swarm are mainly strike-slip. According to the precise location of the earthquake swarm, the results of the focal mechanism solution and the regional geological structure characteristics of the study area, it is considered that the Kewu fault, which is dominated by reverse fault slip, is not the seismogenic fault of the earthquake swarm. Affected by the compressive and torsional deformation of the Indosinian and Yanshan periods, the Kewu fault earthquake swarm develops multiple secondary faults. The earthquake swarm may be controlled by the NW and NE strike-slip secondary faults. These secondary faults are developed in the front edge of the Kewu fault and obliquely intersect with the Kewu fault, which may have the characteristics of small scale and high density, so that the earthquake swarm is distributed in a plane shape.

To investigate the relationship between the lithospheric magnetic field and earthquakes in the west Kunlun seismic zone of Xinjiang, four periods of lithospheric magnetic field variation maps (2013-2014, 2014-2015, 2015-2016, and 2016-2017) were calculated using five years (2013-2017) of mobile geomagnetic vector observation data from the west Kunlun region. Focusing on two representative events—the 2015 Pishan M_S6.5 earthquake and the 2016 Aketao M_S6.7 earthquake—the spatial response patterns of geomagnetic parameters were comparatively analyzed during three phases: 12～3 months pre-earthquake, 0～3 months immediately before the earthquakes, and 6～12 months post-earthquake. The results indicate that various elements of the lithospheric magnetic field exhibited anomalies of varying degrees near the epicenters of both earthquakes. However, the horizontal vector and magnetic field intensity changes shared common characteristics: pre-seismic anomaly accumulation and post-seismic anomaly disappearance.

The first-class gravity network in Xinjiang provides the basic results of gravity field for basic surveying and mapping, earthquake research, earthquake prediction and evaluation in Xinjiang. This paper systematically introduces the basic situation of the construction of the first-class gravity network in Xinjiang. The first-class gravity network in Xinjiang comprehensively utilizes the construction results of 2 000 national gravity basic network, China mainland tectonic environment monitoring network, Xinjiang CORS station and other projects to carry out the whole network layout of network type and point position. The high-precision relative gravity measurement method is used to obtain the gravity segment difference between the undetermined points, and the whole network is adjusted by the combination of strong and weak datum. The average mean square error of the final gravity results is ±17.9×10^-8 m·s^-2, and the weakest mean square error is ±30.6×10^-8 m·s^-2. The first-class gravity network in Xinjiang is a typical polygonal structure, and its self-similarity and self-affine (fractal characteristics) are obvious. It is suitable to use fractal theory to analyze and study its characteristics and inhomogeneity. Through calculation, the fractal dimension of the first-class gravity network in Xinjiang is 1.333, which is a low-dimensional network. The corresponding optimal grid spacing is 104 km. According to the relationship between magnitude and time-varying distance, it is evaluated that the first-class gravity network in Xinjiang has the monitoring ability to monitor earthquakes with M_S≥6.0.

The correlation coefficient of spectral amplitude is used to study two moderate strong earthquakes in Atushi, Xinjiang in 2023. The results show that the correlation coefficient of spectral amplitude of aftershock series of Atushi M_S5.4 earthquake on November 8, 2023 varies between 0.36 and 0.80, with an average value of 0.51. The amplitude correlation coefficient of the aftershock series spectrum of the Atushi M_S5.5 earthquake on December 19, 2023 varies from 0.68 to 0.82, with an average value of 0.74. After the main earthquake, the correlation coefficient of the amplitude spectrum of the aftershock sequence of the Atushi M_S5.4 earthquake decreased and quickly recovered to about the background value, but the correlation coefficient of the aftershock sequence of the Atushi M_S5.5 earthquake still remained at a high level after the main earthquake. By comparing with the Jiashi M_S6.4 earthquake sequence on January 19, 2020, it was found that When the correlation coefficient of spectral amplitude is at a high level, there is a possibility of moderate-strong earthquake in the future.This method is useful for the subsequent earthquake prediction in the earthquake area and surrounding areas.

A comparative analysis was conducted on the co-seismic response characteristics recorded by 24 observation wells in Sichuan Province during the M_S7.4 Qinghai Maduo earthquake. The results show that the co-seismic response characteristics of this earthquake are mainly of the oscillation type, step-up type (oscillation-step up), and step-down type (step-up-step down). The epicentre distance Δ≥840 km and the water level co-earthquake are mainly shake-recovery type. The step-up type and step-down type are mainly distributed within the distance of Δ≤700 km. The negative correlation between the amplitude and duration of water level coseismic response and the epicenter distance is weak, the response time and the epicenter distance are positive, and the seismic energy density of water level is strong. The M_S6.1 earthquake in Lushan County of Ya 'an in 2022 and the M_S5.6 earthquake in Luding in 2023 both occurred in the concentrated area of coseismic magnitude rise, indicating that this co-seismic response characteristic has certain precursory significance and can provide ideas for earthquake.

At 23:59 On December 18, 2023, a magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck Jishishan County in Linxia Prefecture, Gansu Province, resulting in significant loss of life and property. This paper utilizes field investigation data to summarize the damage to buildings, seismic geological disasters, and casualties resulting from this earthquake. It analyzes the characteristics and causes of the seismic damage and proposes insights for seismic prevention and disaster mitigation. Comprehensive analysis reveals that: the damage to buildings was severe, seismic geological disasters were widespread and numerous, and casualties were considerable; the high number of casualties was primarily due to poor seismic resistance of buildings, the earthquake occurring at night when people could not take timely precautions, and the extremely low survival probability of individuals buried by seismic geological disasters; in the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction process, it is essential to select sites rationally based on the geological conditions of the affected area, design scientifically, and further improve search and rescue techniques for seismic geological disaster victims while enhancing public awareness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

Vertical displacement measurements were obtained from three cross-fault leveling stations (Dafeng, Hongshanzui, and Kaziwang) around the Horgos-Manas-Tuyugou fault zone during the period from 2012 to 2023. The annual average change rates were calculated by comparing the measurements of the same season in different years. GNSS data from stations surrounding the fault zone between 2011 and 2022 were processed to obtain annual change rates, revealing the deformation characteristics of the Horgos-Manas-Tuyugou fault zone. Using GNSS data as a reference framework, an analysis of the cross-fault leveling data for individual fault segments shows that the reverse faulting characteristics in the eastern segment are significant, with larger uplift of the mountain compared to the central and western segments. The accumulated displacement at the Dafeng observation site continues to increase. In contrast, the leveling data and GNSS station change rates at the junction of the Manas and Horgos segments in the central section show relatively small variations.

On September 5,2022 and September 18,2022, strong earthquakes occurred in Luding, Sichuan Province and Hualien, Taiwan, China within 13 days. In order to explore the geomagnetic precursory anomalies before the earthquake, this study systematically analyzed the daily variation patterns of the national geomagnetic station data. The results showed that 55 days before the Luding earthquake (July 12,2022) and 42 days before the Hualian earthquake (August 7,2022), the geomagnetic daily variation patterns were distorted, from the normal ‘V’ type to the ‘W’ type double low point shape. In addition, the anomaly area can be divided into clear dividing lines, and the diurnal phase on both sides of the dividing line has a time difference of about 2 hours. By analyzing the causes of diurnal variation distortion, it is found that this phenomenon is closely related to the abnormal changes of the current system inside and outside the earth, especially the change of the induced eddy current system inside the earth. This distortion may reflect the accelerated evolution of deep tectonic activities during earthquake preparation. The analysis shows that such anomalies have a significant correlation with strong earthquakes and can be used as an important reference index for short-term and imminent earthquake prediction.

In the context of comprehensively promoting high-quality economic and social development, it is of great significance to fully leverage the innovative driving role of earthquake informatization, fully do a good job in the network security protection of earthquake early warning information in Xinjiang, avoid network congestion or occupation, data leakage, information tampering and other network security incidents, and ensure the intelligent, efficient, safe and reliable release of earthquake early warning information in Xinjiang. In view of this, the article briefly summarizes the problems existing in the Xinjiang earthquake early warning information network by analyzing the architecture and security protection system of the network, and proposes measures to adjust and optimize network security and corresponding security prevention suggestions, in order to promote the construction of the Xinjiang earthquake early warning information network security.