Post-earthquake early warning system of Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake produced four reports of earthquake early warning information, and pushed the first report of earthquake early warning service to the earthquake area at 12.2 s after the earthquake. By analyzing the output and release of earthquake early warning, it is found that the deviation between the epicenter position of the first report and the official result is the smallest, the deviation between the occurrence time of the second report and the third report and the official result is the smallest, and the deviation between the magnitude of the fourth report and the official result is the smallest. With the increasing number of early warning stations participating in the calculation, the magnitude of early warning is increasing, and the response level of some early warning terminals is increasing. The radius of the blind zone of the earthquake early warning is about 43 km, and the terminal response outside the blind zone is good, which effectively estimates the possible seismic damage of different field points.

In the context of comprehensively promoting high-quality economic and social development, it is of great significance to fully leverage the innovative driving role of earthquake informatization, fully do a good job in the network security protection of earthquake early warning information in Xinjiang, avoid network congestion or occupation, data leakage, information tampering and other network security incidents, and ensure the intelligent, efficient, safe and reliable release of earthquake early warning information in Xinjiang. In view of this, the article briefly summarizes the problems existing in the Xinjiang earthquake early warning information network by analyzing the architecture and security protection system of the network, and proposes measures to adjust and optimize network security and corresponding security prevention suggestions, in order to promote the construction of the Xinjiang earthquake early warning information network security.

This study utilizes D-InSAR technology to process ascending and descending orbit data from the Sentinel-1 satellite, acquiring the line-of-sight (LOS) co-seismic deformation field of the 2016 Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake and extracting the two-dimensional surface deformation information of Hutubi earthquake. The results indicate that the co-seismic deformation field from ascending and descending orbits displays more significant surface uplift than conspicuous subsidence deformation features. In addition, in order to further investigate the characteristics and spatial relations of InSAR co-seismic deformation field, the study results are compared with the co-seismic deformation fields of four thrust earthquakes, namely 2015 Pishan M_S6.5 earthquake, 2017 Jinghe M_S6.6 earthquake, 2020 Jiashi M_S6.4 earthquake and 2024 Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake. It is found that there is a specific spatial relationship between InSAR ascending and descending orbit and seismic deformation field. The research results can provide scientific basis for earthquake disaster assessment and earthquake emergency management departments to formulate risk prevention and disaster reduction measures.

Using the RTL algorithm, the seismic activity changes before the Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake were quantitatively analyzed using the earthquake catalogue six years before the earthquake.The effects of different characteristic radius and magnitude lower limit Mmin on the V_RTL curve are analyzed respectively.The results show that the characteristic radius, magnitude lower limit and analysis period have a certain influence on the V_RTL calculation results.However, the abnormal changes of seismic activity enhancement can be detected before the Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake, and the anomalies show the change pattern of ‘rise-turn-fall’.The Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake occurred in the process of turning down after the anomaly reached the peak point.When r₀=60 km and M_min=M_S1.5, the anomaly duration is about 18 months.It provides a certain reference for understanding the seismogenic process and earthquake precursor research of the Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake.

Aiming at Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake on January 23,2024, the static Coulomb stress and the loading and unloading effect of the main faults are calculated. Combined with the spatial distribution of the remaining aftershocks, the stress triggering and its influence on the surrounding main faults are analyzed. The results show that: (1) Most of the aftershocks in the epicenter of Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake are densely distributed in the stress enhancement area near the fracture surface, and the aftershocks in the stress unloading area are less distributed. Part of the stress loading area on the fracture surface of the main shock further enhances the risk. (2) The stress loading effect of about 50 km in the Coulomb failure stress loading area is gradually released, and the aftershocks in the source earthquake area are densely distributed within 100～200 km and within a depth of 20 km. (3) According to the loading effect, the west section of Wusun ridge fault, the middle and east section of Kashi river fault, the east section of Keguqin fault, the middle section of Boa fault and the west section of Beiluntai fault are worthy of attention in space.

Kuqa-Shaya area is located in the northern margin of Tarim Basin and belongs to the oil and gas production concentration area. In recent years, the seismic activity in this area has shown a significant increase trend, while the earthquake monitoring capability of the Xinjiang Seismic Network in this region is relatively weak. This article uses Sentinel-1A orbit data from the Kuqa- Shaya region from 2020 to 2022 for time series analysis, and combines GNSS velocity field correction to obtain high-precision and high-resolution inter seismic deformation fields in the entire study area. It further explores the spatial relationship between the distribution of small and moderate earthquakes and deformation fields, and obtains the following understanding: (1) The surface deformation characteristics of the entire Kuqa-Shaya region are mainly subsidence, with an average rate of -2.5 mm·a^-1, and the subsidence rate in some agricultural activity areas reaches -30 mm·a^-1. (2) The Kuqa-Shaya earthquake cluster is not located in a concentrated subsidence area. In 2024, three earthquakes of magnitude 5 occurred in the Yuke gas field area with a subsidence rate of -2.5 mm·a^-1. The changes in the deformation field in this area may be related to oil and gas extraction. From the perspective of deformation, this paper proposes a surface deformation monitoring method suitable for the platform basin area of the Tarim Basin, which improves the seismic monitoring capability of the Xinjiang Seismic Network in the Kuqa-Shaya area.

Based on the damage of houses collected from 219 survey points in the field work of Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake, the characteristics of building damage in this earthquake are analyzed. The highest intensity of the earthquake area is IX degree, and the area above VI degree involves 6 counties and a corps field; the building types in the disaster area are mainly frame structure, brick-concrete structure and brick-wood structure, and the seismic damage characteristics of different structural types of houses in the disaster area are analyzed, in order to provide reference for the seismic design and construction of urban and rural houses in this area after the disaster.

This paper briefly introduces the geological tectonic background around Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake in 2024, and analyzes the seismic activity status in the Xinjiang region and the characteristics of regional abnormal seismic activity before the M_S7.1 earthquake.The results show that: ① Before this earthquake, the seismic activity had well-matched characteristics of "long-term, medium-term, and short-term" anomalies, manifested as long-term background anomalies of strong earthquakes within 10 to 30 years, medium-term anomalies of moderately strong earthquakes within 1 to 3 years, and medium-short-term anomalies of small and moderate earthquakes about 0.5 years before the event; ② The spatial distribution characteristics of the pre-earthquake anomalies exhibited a pattern of "contraction" toward the earthquake area, manifested as a gradual contraction process from "Xinjiang and adjacent overseas areas" → "Xinjiang region" → "related tectonic areas or the vicinity of the earthquake area"; ③The pre-earthquake anomalous state transitioned from "single-type" to "diverse" with time. The anomalies of strong and moderately strong earthquakes were primarily characterized by "periodicity or quiescence", whereas small and moderate earthquake anomalies included various types such as seismic gaps, seismic belts, earthquake swarms, and frequency increases.

Based on the analysis of the earthquake swarm sequence, the seismic activity anomalies related to the two earthquake swarms are summarized, and the influence of the 5-magnitude earthquake swarm on the seismic trend in Xinjiang is analyzed. The results show that the earthquake sequence in Yuli-Kuche area in 2024 belongs to the earthquake swarm type, including two earthquake swarms with magnitude greater than 5.0. The whole sequence activity shows an increasing trend and is still in a state of continuous activity. There are six anomalies related to two earthquake swarms with M≥5.0, which are the frequency of earthquakes with M≥3.0 in the middle section of Tianshan Mountains, the high frequency of earthquakes with M≥3.0 in the middle section of Tianshan Mountains, the high frequency of earthquakes with M≥3.0 in Kuche-Shaya area, the 4.5 earthquake window near Baicheng, the significant activity of earthquake swarms near Baicheng, and the stress drop in Kuqa earthquake area.

After Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake on January 23, 2024, the aftershock sequences 30 days after the earthquake were automatically detected using the RISP system, and the results of the automatic detection were compared and analyzed with the results of manual cataloging. The results show that 19432 earthquakes were automatically detected by the RISP system, and 4 887 earthquakes were matched with the manual catalog, of which the matching rate of M_L≥5.0 was 100%, the matching rate of M_L4.0～4.9 was 88.37%, the matching rate of M_L3.0～3.9 was 82.48%, the matching rate of M_L2.0～2.9 was 80.38%, and the matching rate of M_L≤2.0 was 74.85%. The large difference in epicenter was the main factor affecting the matching rate. For earthquake events that have been successfully matched, the time difference between the automatic and manual catalogs is mostly between -4 and 0 seconds, with a deviation of -1.33±1.03 seconds, an epicenter deviation of 10.15±6.47 km, and a depth deviation of 6.99±12.27 km; The magnitude deviation is -0.18±0.24. The system produces results quickly and has significant advantages in small earthquakes. The automatic aftershock results generated by earthquakes with M_L≥3.0 are basically in line with the expected purpose.

In order to accurately obtain the effect of the Xinjiang Qinghai-Tibet Plateau monitoring capacity improvement project on the actual improvement of monitoring capabilities in the southern region of the Xinjiang seismic network (Central Kunlun-Aerjin-Luobupo), this study used the "probability-based completeness magnitude" PMC method , calculate the official observation reports of the Xinjiang seismic network before and after the project is completed, and obtain the detection probability and minimum integrity magnitude M_P of the seismic stations in the study area. Through analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: the detection probability of a single station can truly represent the station's detection ability of earthquake events, and there is a significant difference; M_P shows that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Monitoring Capacity Improvement Project has significantly improved the regional earthquake monitoring capabilities in southern Xinjiang. The overall average improvement in the region is about 0.5 to 1 level, but there are regional imbalances. The research results can provide some reference for further improving the earthquake monitoring capabilities in southern Xinjiang, optimizing the spatial layout of the network, and improving the operation quality of the stations.

In order to study the difference in the magnitude determination of seismic events by downhole and surface seismometers, the new national standard magnitude calculation formula was used to obtain a total of 289 near-earthquakes and 99 teleseismic magnitude differences obtained by surface and downhole seismometers at Kashgar Mageti Seismic Station and Yuepuhu Seismic Station. The results show that the average values of the near-seismic magnitude difference and the far-seismic surface wave magnitude difference at Maigaiti station are 0.264 and 0.023, respectively, and the average value of the near-seismic magnitude difference at Yuepuhu station is 0.476. The near-earthquake magnitude difference between Maigaiti and Yuepuhu stations decreases gradually with the increase of epicentral distance, but shows the opposite characteristics with the magnitude change trend. For the determination of near-earthquake magnitude, the magnitude measured by surface seismometer is larger than that measured by underground seismometer, and the magnitude measured by underground seismometer is closer to the magnitude of seismic events. For teleseism, the magnitude measured by surface seismometer is not much different from that measured by underground seismometer.

In view of the rapid 'up-down' abnormal change of the observation data curve of the water level of Xin32 well in Xinjiang Bole from 2019 to 2020, the porosity of the aquifer medium of Xin32 well under undrained condition is obtained by calculating the parameters such as air pressure coefficient and tidal factor based on the observation data of water level and atmospheric pressure of the observation well. By studying the variation characteristics of the porosity value of the well-aquifer system of the new 32 well under different conditions, the hydrodynamic reasons for the abnormal change of the water level observation data curve are analyzed. The results show that the abnormal change of water level observation data in Xin 32 well is less correlated with stress change, which is related to the increase of recharge caused by the change of aquifer medium.

Based on high-quality teleseismic waveform data recorded over seven years at the Kashi Seismic Station (KAS station), located within a sedimentary layer, high-frequency and low-frequency receiver functions were extracted respectively. The receiver function H-К stacking method without considering sedimentary layer effects and the receiver function sequential H-К stacking method considering sedimentary layer effects were applied to determine the depth of the second intracrustal interface, velocity ratio, and crustal thickness beneath the KAS station. The results incorporating the sedimentary layer influence align with the crustal thickness and crustal velocity ratio values beneath the bedrock Kashi-zhongji Seismic Station (KSZ station), located 8.4 km away. The depth of the second intracrustal interface beneath the KAS station is 13.5 km, with a velocity ratio of 1.96 (Poisson's ratio of 0.324). The crustal thickness is 57.7 km, with a velocity ratio of 1.86 (Poisson's ratio of 0.297). Comparative analysis reveals that applying the receiver function H-К stacking method to seismic stations with significant sedimentary layers can lead to significant deviations in the analysis of intracrustal interface depths and medium velocity ratios. In contrast, the receiver function sequential H-К stacking method yields accurate results. This finding provides valuable practical experience and a methodological basis for accurately analyzing the depths of intracrustal interfaces and medium velocity ratios at other stations situated within sedimentary layers.

Aiming at Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake on January 23,2024, the anomalies of underground fluid exchange data in Kazakhstan before the earthquake were sorted out and the temporal and spatial variation process was analyzed. The results show that there are five anomalies in the underground fluid exchange data of Kazakhstan before the Wushi earthquake, of which three are short-term anomalies, all of which appear three months before the earthquake. The anomaly is mainly located in the range of 200~500 km from the epicenter. The number of anomalies before the earthquake gradually increased, and the spatial and temporal changes of anomalies showed outward expansion and then contraction to the epicenter. Most of the anomalies before the earthquake are positive anomalies, and the research results are helpful to improve the understanding level of underground fluid precursor anomalies.

Using the travel time data of earthquakes with M_S≥1.5 recorded by fixed stations of the digital seismic network in the central Tianshan Mountains of the Xinjiang Seismic Network and temporary mobile stations deployed after earthquakes from 2009 to 2022, this study employed the double-difference tomography method to investigate the three-dimensional P-wave and S-wave velocity structures of the crust and the characteristics of earthquake distribution in the central Tianshan Mountains. The results show that the average travel time residual decreased from -0.15 s before relocation to -0.001 6 s after relocation, indicating a significant improvement in positioning accuracy. The relocation results reveal that earthquakes are predominantly distributed at depths of 0～30 km, mostly along major fault zones, and exhibit a strong correlation with low-velocity zones. The P-wave and S-wave velocity structures of the crust in the central Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang show high consistency, with both displaying significant lateral and vertical heterogeneity. P-waves and S-waves exhibit extensive low-velocity anomalies in the middle and lower crust of the central Tianshan Mountains, and these low-velocity zones are interconnected with the low-velocity anomaly regions of the Junggar Basin and the Tarim Basin. These results provide valuable data references for studying the crustal velocity structure of the central Tianshan Mountains.

In order to analyze the source of two geomagnetic daily ratio anomalies in the western part of the southern Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang on December 10,2021 and November 27,2023, the current location of the two geomagnetic daily ratio anomalies was carried out, and its spatial relationship with the subsequent corresponding earthquakes was analyzed. The results show that:(1) There is no significant difference in the area enclosed by the threshold line and the current line between the two geomagnetic daily ratios. The three earthquakes are located at the end of the abnormal current line, and the distance between the earthquake and the current line is significantly smaller than the threshold line. (2) There is a significant negative correlation between the distance between the station and the abnormal current line and the geomagnetic daily ratio. (3) The ratio of the daily ratio of the station pairs corresponding to the current line endpoints with earthquakes is larger than that of the corresponding endpoints without earthquakes, that is, earthquakes may be more likely to occur between station pairs with large differences in daily ratios.

Using the seismic phase observation report of Xinjiang Seismic Network, the double-difference positioning method was used to accurately locate and analyze 555 seismic events of the earthquake swarm from April 2017 to August 2024, and finally 520 high-precision positioning results were obtained. The P-wave first motion method is used to invert the focal mechanism solution of M_L≥2.0 earthquakes. Combined with the regional seismic tectonic background, it is found that the earthquake swarm is elliptically distributed on the surface projection, oblique to the Kewu fault, and the long axis is NW-SE. The depth distribution is mainly concentrated in the range of 9～13 km. The dominant strikes of the two sets of conjugate nodal planes of the focal mechanism solution are NW and NE, and most of the earthquakes in the swarm are mainly strike-slip. According to the precise location of the earthquake swarm, the results of the focal mechanism solution and the regional geological structure characteristics of the study area, it is considered that the Kewu fault, which is dominated by reverse fault slip, is not the seismogenic fault of the earthquake swarm. Affected by the compressive and torsional deformation of the Indosinian and Yanshan periods, the Kewu fault earthquake swarm develops multiple secondary faults. The earthquake swarm may be controlled by the NW and NE strike-slip secondary faults. These secondary faults are developed in the front edge of the Kewu fault and obliquely intersect with the Kewu fault, which may have the characteristics of small scale and high density, so that the earthquake swarm is distributed in a plane shape.

After Wushi M_S7.1 earthquake, five emergency mobile seismic stations were set up near the epicenter to monitor the aftershock activity in the epicenter area with the surrounding seismic monitoring stations. The establishment, data transmission, data recording and aftershock recording of the mobile seismic station in this earthquake site are introduced. It shows that the mobile seismic station plays an important role in aftershock monitoring. The noise level of the mobile seismic station base is calculated, and it is confirmed that the erection environment of the mobile seismic station basically meets the erection requirements. This paper summarizes the experience of setting up the mobile seismic station, and provides suggestions for carrying out the mobile seismic observation work.

At 23:59 On December 18, 2023, a magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck Jishishan County in Linxia Prefecture, Gansu Province, resulting in significant loss of life and property. This paper utilizes field investigation data to summarize the damage to buildings, seismic geological disasters, and casualties resulting from this earthquake. It analyzes the characteristics and causes of the seismic damage and proposes insights for seismic prevention and disaster mitigation. Comprehensive analysis reveals that: the damage to buildings was severe, seismic geological disasters were widespread and numerous, and casualties were considerable; the high number of casualties was primarily due to poor seismic resistance of buildings, the earthquake occurring at night when people could not take timely precautions, and the extremely low survival probability of individuals buried by seismic geological disasters; in the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction process, it is essential to select sites rationally based on the geological conditions of the affected area, design scientifically, and further improve search and rescue techniques for seismic geological disaster victims while enhancing public awareness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

To investigate the relationship between the lithospheric magnetic field and earthquakes in the west Kunlun seismic zone of Xinjiang, four periods of lithospheric magnetic field variation maps (2013-2014, 2014-2015, 2015-2016, and 2016-2017) were calculated using five years (2013-2017) of mobile geomagnetic vector observation data from the west Kunlun region. Focusing on two representative events—the 2015 Pishan M_S6.5 earthquake and the 2016 Aketao M_S6.7 earthquake—the spatial response patterns of geomagnetic parameters were comparatively analyzed during three phases: 12～3 months pre-earthquake, 0～3 months immediately before the earthquakes, and 6～12 months post-earthquake. The results indicate that various elements of the lithospheric magnetic field exhibited anomalies of varying degrees near the epicenters of both earthquakes. However, the horizontal vector and magnetic field intensity changes shared common characteristics: pre-seismic anomaly accumulation and post-seismic anomaly disappearance.

Analyze the coulomb stress variation and cumulative magnitude and its effects on the main faults by using the source parameter data of two strong earthquakes and the attribute characteristic value of the main faults in this region, based on the viscoelastic medium model. The analysis results show that: (1) The cumulative change of coulomb stress of the two strong earthquakes is mainly concentrated in the Kashi-Wuqia intersection area and Keping block. (2) The activities of the two strong earthquakes have increased stress effects on the faults of Kazkeaerte, Kembet, Aoyitake and Maidan. Then we should pay more attention to these areas.

Taking the artificial blasting and natural earthquakes recorded at three seismic stations in Hami area as research objects, the main features of these two types of events are summarized by using the three elements of earthquakes, waveform recording, amplitude ratio and spectrum analysis. The results show that the occurrence time, epicenter location, magnitude, and S-P wave arrival time difference of the artificial blasting are relatively fixed, and there are basic features such as vertical P wave initial motion upward, large P wave amplitude, short-period Rayleigh surface wave development, and large period. The P_m/S_m value of artificial blasting is more than 0.75, and the correct identification rate is 94.47%; the P_m/S_m value of natural earthquake is less than 0.75, and the correct identification rate is 98%. The low-frequency component of artificial blasting is more, and the dominant component is mainly distributed in the range of 0-15 Hz, with fast attenuation; the high-frequency component of natural earthquakes is dominated by high-frequency components, with a wide range of dominant frequencies (mainly distributed in the range of 0-35 Hz), and the energy attenuation is slow.The S-transform shows that the main energy of the artificial blasting is concentrated in the low-frequency portion and is relatively single, whereas the natural earthquakes are rich in high-frequency energy with a more discrete distribution, which is “multi-peak” in nature.

In response to the high incidence of faults in the power supply and communication systems at earthquake early warning stations, an integrated monitoring software has been designed. This software achieves information integration for intelligent power supplies from different manufacturers, rapid data analysis, swift fault diagnosis, advance warnings for power supply faults, and precise information dissemination. The software consists of four main components: information collection, information analysis, information display, and information transmission. Information collection is primarily used to gather power supply data and network communication status from early warning stations; information analysis is focused on extracting analysis of abnormal information; information display is used to visualize power supply data and alert notifications for abnormal information; and information transmission is aimed at sending abnormal information to mobile devices. This monitoring software effectively addresses the challenges faced by early warning duty personnel, significantly reducing the pressure of monitoring duties. It has been applied at the Urumqi Seismic Monitoring Center Station, where it has shortened the fault response time and improved the efficiency of fault handling by the early warning duty staff, demonstrating high practicality.

The correlation coefficient of spectral amplitude is used to study two moderate strong earthquakes in Atushi, Xinjiang in 2023. The results show that the correlation coefficient of spectral amplitude of aftershock series of Atushi M_S5.4 earthquake on November 8, 2023 varies between 0.36 and 0.80, with an average value of 0.51. The amplitude correlation coefficient of the aftershock series spectrum of the Atushi M_S5.5 earthquake on December 19, 2023 varies from 0.68 to 0.82, with an average value of 0.74. After the main earthquake, the correlation coefficient of the amplitude spectrum of the aftershock sequence of the Atushi M_S5.4 earthquake decreased and quickly recovered to about the background value, but the correlation coefficient of the aftershock sequence of the Atushi M_S5.5 earthquake still remained at a high level after the main earthquake. By comparing with the Jiashi M_S6.4 earthquake sequence on January 19, 2020, it was found that When the correlation coefficient of spectral amplitude is at a high level, there is a possibility of moderate-strong earthquake in the future.This method is useful for the subsequent earthquake prediction in the earthquake area and surrounding areas.

Vertical displacement measurements were obtained from three cross-fault leveling stations (Dafeng, Hongshanzui, and Kaziwang) around the Horgos-Manas-Tuyugou fault zone during the period from 2012 to 2023. The annual average change rates were calculated by comparing the measurements of the same season in different years. GNSS data from stations surrounding the fault zone between 2011 and 2022 were processed to obtain annual change rates, revealing the deformation characteristics of the Horgos-Manas-Tuyugou fault zone. Using GNSS data as a reference framework, an analysis of the cross-fault leveling data for individual fault segments shows that the reverse faulting characteristics in the eastern segment are significant, with larger uplift of the mountain compared to the central and western segments. The accumulated displacement at the Dafeng observation site continues to increase. In contrast, the leveling data and GNSS station change rates at the junction of the Manas and Horgos segments in the central section show relatively small variations.

To address the geological hazard issues in the quartz diorite mining area of Yutian County, Xinjiang, this study proposes a risk assessment method integrating unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) oblique photography and multi-source data coupling analysis. Based on the SWDC-5 five-lens oblique photography system, a high-precision 3D realistic model was constructed. Multi-source data, including topographic parameters (elevation zoning, slope gradient, slope aspect differentiation), hydrological geomorphology (river lateral erosion, gully headward erosion), and human activity disturbances (road and house construction), were integrated to establish a "topographic parameters-hydrological geomorphology-human activity disturbances" multi-source driven evaluation model. The results show that: ① The intersection areas of SE-facing steep slopes (slope>35°) and NW-SE structural zones are high-risk areas for disasters, and the model-predicted core risk zones for geological hazards have fully covered historical disaster points; ② Five core risk zones were delineated, and a hierarchical prevention and control strategy was proposed, including anchoring engineering, ecological slope protection, and residential relocation, which can effectively reduce the disaster occurrence rate.

Based on the observation data of the geophysical observation of the Xiaguan central station in the past ten years since 2014, the classification and in-depth analysis are carried out to identify the main sources of interference of each measurement item, and the data variation characteristics and identification methods of various typical disturbances are summarized. This provides a detailed reference and reliable basis for the processing and application of geophysical observation data analytics in the jurisdiction.

On September 5,2022 and September 18,2022, strong earthquakes occurred in Luding, Sichuan Province and Hualien, Taiwan, China within 13 days. In order to explore the geomagnetic precursory anomalies before the earthquake, this study systematically analyzed the daily variation patterns of the national geomagnetic station data. The results showed that 55 days before the Luding earthquake (July 12,2022) and 42 days before the Hualian earthquake (August 7,2022), the geomagnetic daily variation patterns were distorted, from the normal ‘V’ type to the ‘W’ type double low point shape. In addition, the anomaly area can be divided into clear dividing lines, and the diurnal phase on both sides of the dividing line has a time difference of about 2 hours. By analyzing the causes of diurnal variation distortion, it is found that this phenomenon is closely related to the abnormal changes of the current system inside and outside the earth, especially the change of the induced eddy current system inside the earth. This distortion may reflect the accelerated evolution of deep tectonic activities during earthquake preparation. The analysis shows that such anomalies have a significant correlation with strong earthquakes and can be used as an important reference index for short-term and imminent earthquake prediction.

A comparative analysis was conducted on the co-seismic response characteristics recorded by 24 observation wells in Sichuan Province during the M_S7.4 Qinghai Maduo earthquake. The results show that the co-seismic response characteristics of this earthquake are mainly of the oscillation type, step-up type (oscillation-step up), and step-down type (step-up-step down). The epicentre distance Δ≥840 km and the water level co-earthquake are mainly shake-recovery type. The step-up type and step-down type are mainly distributed within the distance of Δ≤700 km. The negative correlation between the amplitude and duration of water level coseismic response and the epicenter distance is weak, the response time and the epicenter distance are positive, and the seismic energy density of water level is strong. The M_S6.1 earthquake in Lushan County of Ya 'an in 2022 and the M_S5.6 earthquake in Luding in 2023 both occurred in the concentrated area of coseismic magnitude rise, indicating that this co-seismic response characteristic has certain precursory significance and can provide ideas for earthquake.

The first-class gravity network in Xinjiang provides the basic results of gravity field for basic surveying and mapping, earthquake research, earthquake prediction and evaluation in Xinjiang. This paper systematically introduces the basic situation of the construction of the first-class gravity network in Xinjiang. The first-class gravity network in Xinjiang comprehensively utilizes the construction results of 2 000 national gravity basic network, China mainland tectonic environment monitoring network, Xinjiang CORS station and other projects to carry out the whole network layout of network type and point position. The high-precision relative gravity measurement method is used to obtain the gravity segment difference between the undetermined points, and the whole network is adjusted by the combination of strong and weak datum. The average mean square error of the final gravity results is ±17.9×10^-8 m·s^-2, and the weakest mean square error is ±30.6×10^-8 m·s^-2. The first-class gravity network in Xinjiang is a typical polygonal structure, and its self-similarity and self-affine (fractal characteristics) are obvious. It is suitable to use fractal theory to analyze and study its characteristics and inhomogeneity. Through calculation, the fractal dimension of the first-class gravity network in Xinjiang is 1.333, which is a low-dimensional network. The corresponding optimal grid spacing is 104 km. According to the relationship between magnitude and time-varying distance, it is evaluated that the first-class gravity network in Xinjiang has the monitoring ability to monitor earthquakes with M_S≥6.0.

To explore the coseismic response capacity of the water level in Well Chuan-41 to near-field and far-field earthquakes, this study selected near-field earthquakes with a surface wave magnitude M_S≥6.0 and global earthquakes with an M_S≥6.5 as research objects during the period of 2017-2023. It systematically analyzed the coseismic response characteristics of the water level in Well Chuan-41, and comprehensively evaluated the seismic response capacity of the well from three core dimensions: seismic energy density, relationship between coseismic response amplitude and earthquake magnitude as well as well-earthquake distance, and changes in tidal parameters.The results show that: Well Chuan-41 exhibits good coseismic response capacity to far-field earthquakes with M_S≥7.5, while its coseismic response capacity to near-field earthquakes with M_S<6.0 is relatively weak; the main type of coseismic response of the well's water level is oscillatory change. The specific laws are as follows:The energy density threshold required for far-field earthquakes to trigger the coseismic response of this well is approximately 10^-6 J·m^-3.The surface wave period of small and moderate-magnitude near-field earthquakes is significantly different from the natural vibration period of Well Chuan-41, resulting in the failure to effectively record its coseismic response. The dynamic stress changes caused by large-magnitude near-field earthquakes may lead to changes in the permeability of the aquifer associated with Well Chuan-41.

The observation data of two different types of gravimeters in the same observation cave are compared and analyzed from the aspects of observation data quality, background noise level, recording earthquake ability and co-seismic response characteristics. The results show that : GS-15 gravity data has better availability and continuity, while gPhone gravity observation accuracy and background noise level are better ; the GS-15 gravity record has more advantages in the number of strong earthquakes, the duration of earthquakes, and the duration of co-seismic response, while the gPhone gravity record has earlier initial motion time and co-seismic response. The initial motion time and duration of the recorded earthquake and coseismic response are related to the filter constant and damping coefficient of the instrument, and the initial motion direction of the response pattern is related to the azimuth of the station and the epicenter.

In order to find out the influence degree of different geological factors on seismic activity in Pamir area of the western section of southern Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, three influencing factors of plate movement, fault and rock properties were selected, and the contribution degree of different influencing factors to seismic activity was analyzed by grey correlation method. Taking the seismic activity of the three tectonic units as the reference sequence, and the plate movement, fault and rock properties as the comparison sequence, the grey correlation mathematical model is established. The resolution coefficients are set to 0.1,0.3 and 0.5 respectively, and the correlation coefficient and correlation degree between the reference sequence and the comparison sequence of different tectonic units are solved. The results show that the average correlation degree between plate movement, fault and rock properties and seismic activity is 0.682, 0.646 and 0.510, respectively. There is a high correlation between plate movement and seismic activity, which is the main geological factor controlling seismic activity in the region.

This study employs wavelet analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis to quantitatively investigate the impact features and mechanisms of temperature, atmospheric pressure, and rainfall on the tilt of KurkureH2 mountain broad-band. Further, a regression analysis is conducted to remove the influence of temperature on the NS component through regression, and the R-value rating method is used for earthquake capability testing, followed by a summary of their anomalous characteristics. The results indicate that:① atemperature and rainfall are the main influencing factors of annual variation. There is a significant linear negative correlation between temperature and NS component. When the phase of NS component (detrended) lags behind temperature for 17 days, the correlation coefficient between the two is up to -0.751;③ the broad-band tilt is influenced by rainfall from April to September each year, with the two components showing an “M” type of yearly change, during which the rainfall during this period suppressed the linear characteristics of the broad-band tilt influenced by temperature;④ the results of R-value test show that the best forecast window for the NS component is 350 days, with optimal R=0.64, R₀=0.71.

Based on the analysis of the basic situation of Karamay, according to the seismic geological data, seismic zoning and active fault detection results, historical seismic monitoring data, the characteristics of seismic activity and seismic structure are analyzed and studied, the risk of seismic disaster in Karamay is evaluated, the weak links of earthquake response in Karamay are analyzed, and the preventive measures are put forward for the key hidden dangers in the region.

Taking Ganhezi fault soil gas observation station as an example, the morphology characteristics of gas components across the fault are measured, and the observation experiment analysis of influence of the thickness of the covering layer, the gas flow rate, the volume of the gas collection, the air temperature and the atmospheric pressure on the air radon is quantitatively out. The results show that the hanging wall of the reverse fault near the fault surface is an ideal location for fault gas observation, and the concentration of fault gas radon tends to be stable after the observation depth is more than 1.5 m. The gas flow rate should be controlled at 0.5 L·min^-1; the smaller the gas collection volume, the higher the gas flow rate, the higher the atmospheric radon concentration, the lower the influence of temperature and pressure on the data, and the more stable the data. Through quantitative analysis of the influencing factors of fault soil gas radon concentration, it provides a reference for the optimization and transformation of some observation stations in the future.

After analyzing the reliability of the tilt observation data of No.2 borehole in the back mountain of Karamay, it is confirmed that the tidal factor is basically stable. By eliminating the interference factors such as human influence, instrument failure and weather change, the credibility of anomaly identification before earthquakes is improved, and the typical interference and anomaly characteristics before earthquakes are classified and quantitatively analyzed. The determination and test of the optimal threshold by R value score show that the missing rate of inclination anomaly of No.2 borehole in Houshan, Karamay is low.

This paper primarily provides an overview of the construction content of the Yunnan sub - project of the National Earthquake Intensity Rapid Reporting and Early Warning Project. It introduces the construction of general stations, and when exploring the construction quality of general stations, conducts an analysis from multiple aspects such as equipment installation, station inspection, operation rate improvement, and background noise analysis. Through analysis, it is found that during the construction of general stations, there are issues such as non-standard installation and uneven quality of base station buildings, which negatively impact the construction quality. In terms of the operation rate, problems such as shortages of intensity meters and FSU standby equipment and spare parts, overly high operation rate standards, and a single background noise testing method are encountered. Meanwhile, by comparatively analyzing the construction achievements of general stations, basic stations, and benchmark stations in the early warning system, the advantages and disadvantages of the early warning system are further understood. Finally, by discussing aspects such as improving the communication mechanism, protecting the observation environment, increasing standby equipment and spare parts, optimizing the operation rate standard and background noise testing environment, and enhancing the magnitude estimation ability of the early warning system, this paper summarizes the solutions to problems related to the construction of general stations in the earthquake early warning system in Yunnan region, as well as methods to improve the overall effectiveness of the early warning system.